SATA 3G: New Technology & Devices
What is SATA 3G (3Gb/s)? 
Increasing server and multimedia storage demands require new storage technologies. SATA 3G (3Gb/s) are storage devices such as hard disk drives, cable connections, host devices (controllers), port multiplier and port selector devices that can transfer data up to 3 Gigabits per second (a measure of the bandwidth). This is double the speed/bandwidth of the original SATA 150 (1.5Gb/s).

Some companies call these "SATA II" or "SATA 2" devices. However do not get confused by the common misnomer of calling all of these devices SATA II (or SATA 2). SATA II is a broad set of specifications as defined by the by the former SATA II committee, but because it is among the most prominent features, "3Gb/s" has become synonymous with SATA II. SATA II is actually the name of the committee that originally defined these specifications - they have now changed their name to the SATA International Organization (www.serialata.org or www.sata-io.org). 3Gb/s or SATA 3G is a speed/bandwidth feature that better defines this new generation of storage devices.

The truth is a "SATA 3G" device is only guaranteed to have the higher speed bus and may or may not included additional SATA II capabilities such as Native Command Queuing (NCQ), Link Power  Management, Staggered Spin Up, etc. You must check each device for which features it supports. Also note that SATA 3G devices are backwards compatible with SATA 150 devices.

Additional New Features Found in some SATA 3G Devices
These are newer features developed since the original SATA 1.0A specifications and may be incorporated into new devices including desktop, notebook, and external devices.
Port Multiplier: A Port Multiplier is a mechanism for one active host connection to communicate with multiple devices (allows several disks to be attached to a single SATA port rather than just one). A Port Multiplier can be thought of as a simple multiplexer where one active host connection is multiplexed to multiple device connections. Only one active host connection to the Port Multiplier is supported. The Port Multiplier is an extensible design that supports up to 15 device connections and utilizes the full bandwidth of the host connection.  Uses standard SATA disks only controller/device must support this feature.
NCQ (Native Command Queuing): NCQ allows multiple commands to be issued to a device (hard disk) which can then can reorder up to 32 outstanding commands for optimum efficiency based on the disk's organization and angular position. This increases performance and reduces mechanical wear on the disk drive. Both hard disk and controller must support this feature.
Click Connect: The latest "inside the box" SATA cable & connector designed for robustness and high mobility connection.

These internal  interconnects are designed to securely mate device and host side connectors. Latching snap ensures proper connection - you know it is secure when you hear the "click" plus they are fully compatible with existing SATA cables and connectors.

eSATA: (External SATA) - External device interface specification including new shielded connector and a shielded cable up to two meters in length. The external connector is keyed so it cannot be accidentally plugged into an internal connector. eSATA is up to 6 times faster than existing external storage solutions such as USB 2.0 or 1394.
Asynchronous notification: Asynchronous notification is a mechanism for a device to send a notification to the host that the device requires attention. A few examples of how this mechanism could be used include indicating media has been inserted in an ATAPI device or indicating that a hot plug event has occurred on a Port Multiplier port.
Hot-Plug: The current SATA cables are not designed for immediately hot plug the pins on cable are not staggered may cause electrical short. SATA 1.0 expects drives to be plugged in HOT and signal presence via S-ATA reset sequence. SATA II allows for device detection without power being applied (via impedance detection). The ability to connect and disconnect devices without prior notification to the system. Supported by external cables and backplane connectors and eSATA.
Staggered Spin Up: Platforms that include numerous Serial ATA hard disk drives may be  presented with power system design issues related to the electrical current load presented during system power-up. Staggered Spin Up gives the HBA (Host Bus Adapter) device the ability to spin up the hard drives sequentially to prevent power load problems on boot. Note that Serial ATA disk drive vendors may not always provide the capability to parse or execute ATA commands prior to spinning up a drive and completing drive initialization, therefore this mechanism may not rely on the ATA protocol.
Link Power Management: This is an intelligent power  management system controlled by the hardware to save energy, improve battery life (in notebooks), and reduce heat. SATA Link Power Management puts the physical layer (PHY) of the link into a low-power state, independent of the ATA protocol power state of the disk, and as such complements the existing power management capabilities provided by the ATA command set. The ATA command set reduces the power consumption of the attached device by issuing protocol-level power state change requests to the disk. These requests typically instruct the device to spin down the media to save power.

xSATA: xSATA, which extends the cable length of the external SATA cable (eSATA), starts at 2 meters cable length but the xSATA addition will extend that to 8 meters, permitting users additional flexibility in setting up their devices.

SATA 3G Controllers
SATA 300MBs (bus speed) / 3GBs (bandwidth) drives will be supported by a number of different controllers.  On the integrated motherboard side the Intel 945/955 chipsets will be paired with the Intel ICH7R Southbridge which features Intel Matrix RAID capable of SATA 3G speed, NCQ, and RAID.

 

 

 

 

 

The NVidia NForce 4 desktop motherboard chipset also features four channel "SATA II" support with NCQ, RAID, and more.

 Recently released SATA 3G controllers and RAID cards:
 ASI SKU Brand Model #  Ports Speed Bus Interface RAID Levels NCQ Special Features
34390 Intel SRCS28X 8 3Gb/s PCI-X 133 MHz RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 10, and 50 Yes 128MB cache, battery backup option (ASI SKU 25183), online capacity expansion
39336 / 39337 (bulk) Adaptec 1420SA 4 3Gb/s PCI-X 133 MHz RAID 0, 1 and JBOD No  SATA II disk hot plug, background initialization, S.M.A.R.T. and SNMP support, bootable array,  Low profile bracket included
37312 Promise SATA 300 TX2 Plus 2 SATA, 1 PATA 3Gb/s PCI 32-bit (PCI 2.3 compliant) None Yes Supports Serial ATAPI devices plus ATA/133 connector, Disk Activity LED Headers
37314 Promise SATA 300 TX4 PCI 4 3Gb/s 66 MHz PCI bus None Yes Staggered Drive Spin-Up
37192 Highpoint Tech RocketRAID 2220 8 3Gb/s 64bit PCI-X RAID levels 0, 1, 5, 10 and JBOD Yes Hot swap and hot-spare support, online capacity expansion, 64-bit LBA for over 2 TB partition, automatic RAID rebuild

Adaptec 1420SA - ASI SKU# 39336

SATA 3G Hard Disk Drives
 A few of the new SATA 3G speed drives:
ASI SKU  Brand Model Capacity Speed Buffer NCQ Features
36900 Samsung 160JJ 160 GB 7200 RPM 8 MB Yes Native Command Queuing (NCQ), Hot-Plug & Hot-Swap capable
36901 Samsung SpinPoint SP2004C 200 GB 7200 RPM 8 MB Yes Native Command Queuing (NCQ), Staggered Spin-up Support, Device Initiated SATA Power Management
37513, 37687 Western Digital WD1600JS 160 GB 7200 RPM 8 MB No  SecureConnect™, FlexPower™, Data Lifeguard Tools
37515, 37688 Western Digital WD2500JS 250 GB  7200 RPM 8 MB No SecureConnect™, FlexPower™, Data Lifeguard Tools
37645  Western Digital WD2000JS  200GB 7200 RPM 8 MB No SecureConnect™, FlexPower™, Data Lifeguard Tools
More information on Western Digital "SATA II" drives - http://www.wdc.com/en/products/Products.asp?DriveID=135&Language=en